Kisspeptin-10 is the shortest biologically active fragment of kisspeptin, a family of neuropeptides encoded by the KISS1 gene. The full kisspeptin precursor protein is proteolytically cleaved to yield fragments of varying lengths (kisspeptin-54, -14, -13, and -10), all sharing the conserved C-terminal decapeptide sequence. Kisspeptin-10 represents this active core sequence: Tyr-Asn-Trp-Asn-Ser-Phe-Gly-Leu-Arg-Phe-NH2.
Researchers have studied Kisspeptin-10 for its potent activation of the KISS1R receptor (formerly GPR54) on hypothalamic GnRH neurons. Research has characterized kisspeptin signaling as a critical upstream regulator of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, where KISS1R activation stimulates GnRH pulse release. Studies have examined how kisspeptin neurons integrate metabolic and hormonal signals – including estrogen, leptin, and glucose – to regulate reproductive function.
Preclinical research has used Kisspeptin-10 to study gonadotropin axis regulation in models of pubertal onset, seasonal reproduction, and stress-induced reproductive suppression. Research has also examined its acute effects on LH pulse frequency and amplitude in animal models. Clinical research programs have explored kisspeptin administration as a research tool for interrogating the GnRH axis, generating data on its physiological significance across reproductive conditions.
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